| 小特集- 超伝導と高圧力- Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 2-3,180-186(1993) |
| 理論 Theory |
| 高田康民 Yasutami TAKADA |
| A review is given for the development of theories for superconductivity in order to give a proper perspective for the theory to clarify the mechanism of high-Tc superconductivity in copper oxides. A preliminary result for the doped fullerenes is also mentioned. |
| 東京大学物性研究所 Institute for solid State Physics, University of Tokyo 〒106 東京都港区六本木7-22-1 7-22-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106 |
| 小特集- 超伝導と高圧力- Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 2-3,187-192(1993) |
| Nb3Sn超電導線へのHIP処理の効果 Hipping Effects on Properties of Nb3Sn Superconductors |
| 嶋田雅生 Masao SHIMADA |
| Nb3Sn in the form of practical superconductors has been available for years. At present, the principal techniques employed are bronze and internal tin processes. Nb3Sn has exhibited high performance at high magnetic field. Porosity in the Nb3Sn superconductors is often observed after the reaction treatment and can be detrimental to the mechanical and electrical properties. Voids, probably due to the Kirkendall effect, could be annihilated by heating under high pressure. Therefore, the hot isostatic pressing (HIP) could improve the properties. The author reviewed the effects of HIPping on the porosity and the critical current of Nb3Sn superconductor produced both by the bronze process and internal tin processes. |
| 神戸製鋼所超電導・低温技術センター Superconducting & Cryogenic Technology Center, Kobe Steel, Ltd. 〒651-22 神戸市西区高塚台1丁目5-5 5-5 Takatsukadai 1-chome, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651-22 |
| 小特集- 超伝導と高圧力- Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 2-3,193-199(1993) |
| 高温超電導と高圧力 High Tc Superconductivity and High Pressure |
| 腰塚直己 Naoki KOSHIZUKA |
| The applications of high pressure to high-Tc oxide superconductors are reviewed. High pressure is very powerful for synthesizing of new materials and understanding of the physical properties. Studies of HIP treatment on Y124 and high pressure synthesis of "infinite-layer" materials are introduced. Pressure dependence of both Tc and Hall coefficients of the material are discussed in relation with carrier doping effects on the physical properties. |
| （財）国際超電導産業技術研究センター・超電導工学研究所 ISTEC Superconductivity Research Laboratory 〒135 東京都江東区東雲1-10-13 1-10-13 Shinonome 1-chome, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135 |
| 小特集- 超伝導と高圧力- Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 2-3,200-205(1993) |
| 超高圧と超伝導 High Pressure and Superconductivity |
| 毛利信男 Nobuo MOURI |
| In this review, we take briefly a historical survey of the high pressure techniques which have been used in the research for superconductivity and then report some experimental results of the pressure effect on the superconducting transition temperature in various superconducting materials. |
| 東京大学物性研究所 Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo 〒277-8581 柏市柏の葉5-1-5 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, 277-8581 |
| 小特集- 超伝導と高圧力- Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 2-3,206-211(1993) |
| 有機超伝導材料 -物性理解への圧力効果研究の役割- Organic Superconductors -A Role of High Pressure Physics for the Understanding of the Properties of Organic Superconductors- |
| 村田恵三 Keizo MURATA |
| It is reviewed that how the high pressure technique and physics have played an essential role for the development of the field of the organic superconductors. It is described historically from TTF-TCNQ through TMTSF to BEDT-TTF salts making emphasis on how discoveries have been guided. Pressure apparatus of the author for this research is also presented. |
| 大阪市立大学理学研究科物質科学科 〒558-8585 大阪市住吉区杉本3-3-138 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585 |
| 小特集- 超伝導と高圧力- Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 2-3,212-219(1993) |
| 超電導技術の展望と将来 Developments of Superconducting Materials and Their Applications - Bulk and Wires |
| 前田弘 Hiroshi MAEDA |
| Superconductivity is being widely applied in advanced technology programs, such as nuclear fusion reactor, superconducting power generators and energy storage, MRI-diagnosis, and magnetically levitated vehicles. High performance multifilamentary wires such as NbTi, (Nb, Ti)3Sn, V3Ga and Nb3Al are being developed. High -Tc superconducting materials such as YBaCuo, BiSrCaCuO, and TlBaCaCuO have attracted a great interest in regard to the basic properties and potential applications in liquid nitrogen. Even though many problems still remain to be solved, remarkable progress is being achieved and some new applications are being offered. The development of the high-Tc materials will lead to a complete reassessment of superconducting technologies. |
| 金属材料技術研究所 National Research Institute for Metals 〒305 つくば市千現1-2-1 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305 |
| 小特集- 超伝導と高圧力- Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 2-3,220-225(1993) |
| 超電導の新しい応用 -微生物の代謝と高磁場- New Application of Superconductivity -High Magnetic Field and Microbial Metabolism- |
| 正田誠 Makoto SHODA |
| Extensive studies on the effect of a low intensity magnetic field on microbial activity have been reported. However, they are often controversial; the magnetic fields are accelerative on the growth, or inhibitory, or noneffective. The inconsistency of the results is mainly because the experimental conditions were improperly controlled and well characterized microbial strains were not used. Following the invention of superconductive materials, high magnetic fields produced by superconductive magnets will be applicable to various microbial reaction control. In this paper, a super high magnetic field of 11.7 tesla(T) was imposed on the auxotrophic bacteria of Escherichia coli and the effect of the magnetic field was investigated under various nutritional and temperature conditions. The 11.7T was also imposed on E. coli where the bacteriophage lambda was lysogenic and carries a temperature-sensitive mutation in the phage repressor gene. The transition from lysogenic to lytic process was investigated. A new bioreactor which was operated under 7 T superconductive magnetic field was introduced. |
| 東京工業大学資源科学研究所 Research Laboratory of Resources Utilization, Tokyo Institute of Technology 〒227 横浜市緑区長津田町4259 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 227 |
| 小特集- 超伝導と高圧力- Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 2-3,226-231(1993) |
| 超伝導物質の衝撃圧力効果 Shock Loading Effects on Superconducting Materials |
| 庄野安彦 Yasuhiko SYONO |
| Shock loading effects on various superconducting materials, placing emphasis on high Tc oxides, are summarized. Synthesis of superconductors via shock-induced phase transitions and chemical reactions, shock compaction of powder materials for fabrication of bulk superconductors, and shock deformation via defects and dislocations have been discussed. Shock loading effects and subsequent annealing effects on superconducting critical temperatures and flux pinning energy of high Tc oxides are elucidated. |
| 東北大学金属材料研究所 Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University 〒980 仙台市青葉区片平2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980 |
| 解説 Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 2-3,232-239(1993) |
| 高圧下における電解質溶液の電気伝導度 Electric Conductivities of Electrolyte Solutions under High Pressure |
| 上野正勝 Masakatsu UENO |
| The electric conductivities of electrolyte solutions under high pressure are reviewed. First, the measurements of conductivity and transference number under high pressure are described briefly. Second, the interpretation of ionic conductivities in water in terms of the Walden product and the residual friction coefficient is presented. Finally, the pressure and isotope effects on the excess proton conductivity are discussed based on the Conway model. |
| 同志社大学工学部機能分子工学科 Department of Applied Chemistry, Faulty of Engineering, Doshisha University 〒610-0321 京田辺市多々羅都谷1-3 1-3, Todani, Tatara, Kyoutanabe-shi, 610-0321 |
| 解説 Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 2-3,240-248(1993) |
| 高圧水の動的利用 -ウォータージェット技術の進歩- Dynamic Use of High Pressure Water- Progress in Water Jet Technology |
| 幾世橋弘 Hiroshi KIYOHASHI |
| The utilization of the energy of a supersonic water jet outflowing from a small-diameter hole under high pressure makes a progressive advance in material cutting. The history of the high pressure water jet technology applied to many fields as well as mechanical engineering has been surveyed briefly, and recent investigations and progress in the technology have been reviewed by classifying the technology into nine jets under cutting mechanism. |
| 東北大学工学部資源工学科 Department of Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tohoku University 〒980 仙台市青葉区荒巻字青葉 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980 |
| 解説 Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 2-3,249-253(1993) |
| 高圧機器の破損と破壊 Failure and Fracture of High Pressure Apparatus |
| 西原正夫 Masao NISHIHARA |
| Failure and fracture of high pressure apparatus result in occasionally the most dangerous accidents in laboratory and manufacturing plant. Elastic failure, bursting, brittle fracture and fatigue fracture are briefly reviewed. |
| 〒606-0802 京都市左京区下鴨宮崎町3-1 3-1 Shimogamo Miyazaki-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-0802 |
| 実験ワンポイント Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 2-3,254-255(1993) |
| ダイヤモンドアンビルを用いた赤外吸収測定の基礎技術 -A basic technique for IR measurement with diamond anvils- |
| 青木勝敏 Katsutosi AOKI |
| Diamond-anvil-cell is a very powerful device for studing pressure-induced phase transition and chemical reaction by spectroscopy such as Raman scattering and IR absorption. Very thin diamond anvils and pressure transmitting mediums used for IR measurement are described. |
| 物質工学工業技術研究所 National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research 〒305-8565 つくば市東1-1 Higashi 1-1, Tsukuba 305-8565 |
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