特集 - DAC技術入門II - Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 9-4,255-262(1999) |
DAC用ダイヤモンド結晶 Diamond Crystal for DACs |
角谷 均 戸田 直大 佐藤 周一 Hitoshi SUMIYA Naohiro TODA Shuichi SATOH |
Characteristics of various types of diamonds
are summarized and selection of a diamond
for a diamond anvil cell (DAC) is discussed.
A diamond crystal with little internal
strain
and few crystal defects must be selected
for generating ultra high pressure.
The selection
of a diamond is also based on other
factors,
such as a need for transparency in
ultraviolet
or infrared for optical studies or
a need
for low luminescence for Raman studies.
Synthetic
type Ua diamond is most appropriate
for
diamond anvils, because it has a high
crystalline
quality, high transparency and low
luminescence. [DAC, diamond anvil, high pressure, internal strain, crystal defect, impurity, synthetic diamond] |
〒664-0016 伊丹市昆陽北1-1-1 住友電気工業(株)伊丹研究所 Sumitomo Electric Industries, LTD., Itami research Laboratories, 1-1-1, Koya-kita, Itami, Hyogo, 664-0016 |
特集 - DAC技術入門II - Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 9-4,263-269(1999) |
DACを用いた多結晶X線回折実験技術 Polycrystalline X-ray Diffraction Technique Using DAC |
浜谷 望 Nozomu HAMAYA |
Fundamental techniques of polycrystalline
x-ray diffraction measurement at high
pressure
using a diamond anvil cell are described.
We point out several unusual conditions
specific
to a sample compressed in the DAC,
give a
detailed description of a laboratory
x-ray
diffractometer for high-pressure study
and
its performance, and briefly introduce
a
high-pressure synchrotron x-ray diffraction
technique. [DAC, polycrystalline x-ray diffraction technique, laboratory x-ray system synchrotron radiation] |
〒112-8610 東京都文京区大塚2-1-1 お茶の水女子大学大学院人間文化研究科複合領域科学専攻 Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8610 |
特集 - DAC技術入門II - Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 9-4,270-276(1999) |
DACを用いた光学測定の基礎技術 Fundamental Techniques for Optical Measurements with a DAC |
青木 勝敏 Katsutoshi AOKI |
Diamond anvil, which is transparent in a
wide wavelength region including visible,
near infrared and infrared regions,
is a
most powerful tool to investigate optical
properties of materials at high pressures
beyond 100 GPa. Raman scattering and
infrared
absorption measurements with DACs and
several
techniques useful for producing high
quality
and reliable high-pressure spectra
are reviewed
in this article. [DAC, Raman scattering, infrared absorption] |
〒305-8565 つくば市東1-1 物質工学工業技術研究所 National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research, Higashi 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565 |
特集 - DAC技術入門II - Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 9-4,277-284(1999) |
DACを用いた高温発生技術 High Temperature Use of DAC |
近藤 忠 Tadashi KONDO |
High temperature generation techniques used
in diamond anvil cells and their application
are reviewed. The configurations of
internal
heating, external heating and laser
heating
are described as common methods. The
optics
required in a laser heating system
and the
recent progress in heating quality
are introduced
in detail. The measurement and calibration
of temperature, and pressure variation
at
high temperature are discussed for
each method
to realize stable experiments. [DAC, high temperature, internal heating, external heating, laser heating] |
〒980-8578 仙台市青葉区荒巻字青葉 東北大学大学院理学研究科 Graduate School of Science, Tohku University, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578 |
特集 - DAC技術入門II - Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 9-4,285-292(1999) |
DACの半導体の光学測定への応用 Application of DAC to Optical Studies of Semiconductors |
小林 利彦 Toshihiko KOBAYASHI |
In this article, a diamond anvil cell system
for optical studies at variable pressure
and at low temperatures is described.
A remotely
controlled pneumatic driver unit, which
consists
of a pair of coaxial bellows, operates
with
helium gas. The setup and techniques
for
photoreflectance (PR) and time-resolved
photoluminescence
(TRPL) measurements with a diamond
anvil
cell are presented. Examples of the
application
to PR and TRPL in III-V semiconductor
alloys
under high pressure are shown. [DAC, photoreflectance, time-resolved photoluminesceence, III-V semiconductor alloys, lifetime, spatially indirect recombination, heterointerface] |
〒657-8301 神戸市灘区六甲台町1-1 神戸大学工学部
電気電子工学科 Department of Electric and Electronics Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8301 |
特集 - DAC技術入門II - Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 9-4,293-299(1999) |
DACの超伝導探索への応用 Application of DAC for Exploring Superconductivity |
清水 克哉 天谷 喜一 Katsuya SHIMIZU Kiichi AMAYA |
In this section, our 10-year developments
and research for detecting superconductivity
under high pressure in DAC are described.
With the progress of DAC technology to generate
high pressure above 100 GPa, research for
superconductivity as well as metallization
of molecular solids of light elements becomes
possible. The way of creating the low-temperature
conditions and the high-pressure which is
necessary for the superconducting research
are explained in detail. [DAC, superconductivity, low temperature, electrical resistance, magnetic susceptibility, dilution refrigerator] |
〒560-8531 大阪府豊中市待兼山町1-3 大阪大学大学院基礎工学研究科 Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531 |
解説 Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 9-4,300-307(1999) |
HIPによる傾斜機能材料開発研究の動向 Development of Functionally Graded Materials by HIP |
宮本 欽生 Yoshinari MIYAMOTO |
HIP is a powerful tool to produce functionally
graded materials (FGMs) due to the
heat treatment
under isostatic gas pressure. PSZ/stainless
steel, TiAl(α/α+γ), and W/Cu FGMs
can
combine incompatible functions of heat
resistance
and toughness in structural uses. In
functional
uses, the graded C/C composite for
the heat
receiver, the Ir/W/Ta emitter electrode
for
the thermionic converter, and one step
formation
of a graded thermoelectric conversion
unit
of SiGe with electrodes are developed
using
HIP. These recent developments of FGMs
by
HIP are reviewed. [HIP, functionally graded materials, FGM, PSZ/stainless steel, TiAl, W/Cu, thermionic converter, thermoelectric converter, graded C/C composite] |
〒567-0047 茨木市美穂ヶ丘 11-1 大阪大学接合科学研究所 Joining and Welding Research Institute, Osaka University, 11-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047 |
解説 Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 9-4,308-313(1999) |
高圧力実験装置入門−ねじ− A Guide for High Pressure Experiments−Threads− |
網田 富士嗣 梶本 興亜 Fujitsugu AMITA Okitsugu KAJIMOTO |
The designing of threads for high-pressure
equipment is described. We have formulated
a computer program for the stress calculation
at the first thread root based on the guidelines
for high-pressure equipment proposed by the
High Pressure Gas Safety Institution of Japan.
A versatile method for lubrication to avoid
seizure and scratching the threads is explained. [design, thread ] |
〒606-8502 京都市左京区北白川追分町 京都大学大学院理学研究科化学専攻 Division of Chemistry,Graduated School of Science,Kyoto University,Sakyo-ku、Kyoto 606-8502 |
〒606-0805
京都市左京区下鴨森本町 15 (財)生産開発科学研究所内
日本高圧力学会事務局
Tel (075)721-0376 Fax (075)723-9629
koatsu@mbox.kyoto-inet.or.jp