解説 Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 6-3,148-153(1997) |
圧力制御の高速性を利用した結晶成長の微小重力実験 A Microgravity Experiment of Crystal Growth Utilizing High Speed of Pressure-Control |
沢田 勉 Tsutomu SAWADA |
This article reviews works by the author
and his colleagues where a novel technique
for quick change of supersaturation
by dynamic
pressure-control (DPC) method is used
for
studies of crystal growth. Since the
DPC
method can change supersaturation much
faster
than the ordinary temperature-control
method,
it is very suitable for quick experiments
in microgravity. Here we report an
in situ
observation experiment of a dendritic
crystal
growth in microgravity by the DPC method.
[ microgravity, crystal growth, dendrite, diffusion, high pressure ] |
〒305 つくば市並木 1-1 無機材質研究所 National Institute for Research in Inorganic Materials. I -1 . Namiki. Tsukuba. Ibaraki 305 |
解説 Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 6-3,154-158(1997) |
新しい極限状態: 超重力場の発生と物質科学への応用 Generation of a New Extreme Condition: Ultra-Strong Acceleration Field (Mega-Gravity Field) and the Applications to Materials Science |
真下 茂 Tsutomu MASHIMO |
Strong acceleration field can realize the
sedimentation of even atoms, and is expected
to create a crystal chemical nonequilibrium
state in multi-component condensed matter.
Such phenomena may be useful in many fields
such as metallurgy, solid state chemistry,
polymer physics, materials processing, nucleonics,
as well as biochemistry. However, the researches
of microscopic phenomena in solids under
strong acceleration field have not ever been
undertaken, being now an unprecedented area.
In this article, we focus our attention on
ultra-strong acceleration field (mega-gravity
field) as a new extreme condition for materials
science. The effects of strong acceleration
field on atoms or crystal state, etc. in
condensed matter and the possible applications
to materials science are discussed on the
basis of the theoretical analyses. The previous
ultracentrifuge machines are reviewed, and
an ultracentrifuge apparatus to generate
a strong acceleration field of over 1 million
(1x106) g at high temperature is described. The
mega-gravity field experiment for solids
is now started by using the apparatus. [strong acceleration field, ultracentrifugation, sedimentation of atoms, diffusion, nonequilibrium state, control of composition, graded materials, isotope, mega-gravity field] |
〒860-8555 熊本市黒髪2-39-1 熊本大学衝撃・極限環境研究センター High Energy Rate Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555 |
解説 Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 6-3,159-166(1997) |
超音波による有機液体の分解反応 Decomposition of Organic Liquids by Ultrasound |
加藤 隆二 Ryuzi KATOH |
In this article, an effect of ultrasound
on chemical reactions is reviewed. The sonochemical
reaction proceeds at a hot spot produced
by cavitation of bubble, i.e., creation and
collapse of a bubble in liquid. Temperature
and pressure at the hot spot exceed 5000
K and 100 MPa, respectively, therefore, pyrolysis
of solvent can occur. We present experimental
technique and our recent results of sonochemical
decomposition of organic liquids and synthesis
of C60 from liquid benzene. [sonochemistry, cavitation, hot spot, pyrolysis of benzene and C60 ] |
〒305 つくば市東 1-1 物質工学工業技術研究所極限反応部 National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research, 1- I Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 |
解説 Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 6-3,167-175(1997) |
フタロシアニン導体における圧力誘起電荷移動 Pressure-Induced Charge Transfer in Phthalocyanine Conductors |
薬師 久弥 米原 由華子 Kyuya YAKUSHI Yukako YOMEHARA |
Phthalocyanine conductor NiPc(As6)0.5 is a double-chain system: a metal chain
and macrocyle chain coexist within
the same
molecular column. This characteristic
structure
produces a two-band system: a wide
π-band
and narrow d-band, which is located
near
the Fermi level of the wide π-band.
In this
system, high pressure tunes the energy
level
of this 3dz2-band, and induces a metal-ligand charge
transfer from the 3dz2-band to π-band, which was verified by the
absorption spectra of infrared, near-infrared,
and visible region. The vacant state of the
3/4-filled π-band is continuously filled
up to 7 GPa. According to the increase of
the pressure non-metallic phase which exists
below 40 K at ambient pressure evolves to
almost room temperature around 1GPa. [pressure-induced charge transfer, metal-insulator transition, phthalocyanine, one-dimensional conductor, organic conductor, 2-band system, infrared spectrum, reflection spectrum, diamond anvil] |
〒444 愛知県岡崎市明代寺町字西郷中 38 分子科学研究所
総合研究大学院大学 Institute for Molecular Science and Graduate University of Advance Studies, Myodaiji. Okazaki, Aichi 444 |
論文 Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 6-3,176-181(1997) |
水晶振動子を用いたポリスチレンに対する二酸化炭素の溶解度測定 Solubility Measurements of High Pressure CO2 into polystyrene by Quartz Crystal Microbalance |
三浦 恵一 大竹 勝人 黒沢 茂 菅田 孟 佐古
猛 中根 尭 佐藤 眞士1 辻 智也 日秋 俊彦2 本郷 尤2 Kei-ichi MIURA Katsuto OTAKE Shigeru KUROSAWA Tsutomu SUGETA Takeshi SAKO Takashi NAKANE Masahito SATO Tomoya TSUJI Toshihiko HIAKI Masaru HONGO |
In this paper, the ability of quartz crystal
microbalance (QCM) was considered about in situ measurement in high pressure fluid. Solubility
and adsorption of high pressure carbon dioxide
(CO2) to polystyrene(PS) were measured using
a QCM as a detector at pressures up to 17
MPa at 313.2 K. The solubility and surface
adsorption of CO2 increased almost linearly against activity
of CO2. And it was found that the present method
could be applied to higher pressure range
than any other methods. The activity plot
of solubility at various temperatures fell
into one universal line. This may be very
important because it suggests the possibility
of obtaining the solubility at any temperature
from only one measurement. [Quartz crystal microbalance, high pressure, solubility, activity, carbon dioxide, polystyrene, adsorption, electrode] |
1〒305-8565 つくば市東1-1 物質工学工業技術研究所統括研究調査官室 Department of Chemical Systems, National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research, 1-1 Higashi. Tsukuba. Ibaraki 305-8565 2〒275-8575 習志野市泉町1-2-1 日本大学生産工学部工業化学科 Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 izumicho, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575 |
サロン Rev. High Pressure Sci. Technol. 6-3,182-186(1997) |
高圧食品開発物語(その2) -炊飯性に優れた加工玄米の製造方法- Story of Development of High-Pressure Processed Foods, Part 2 -A method of producing rapidly cookable processed unpolished rice- |
山崎 彬 Akira YANAZAKI |
Whole-rice foods are well known to be beneficial
for health. This is a story the development
of our processed unpolished rice with excellent
cookability, openly disclosing our failures
in the course of these development. Our experience
will hopefully be useful for any kind of
rice research in the future. [high-pressure processed foods, whole-rice foods, processed unpolished rice] |
〒940-0056 長岡市呉服町1-4-5 越後製菓(株)総合研究所社長室 Research Institute, Echigo Seika Co.,Ltd., 1-4-5 Gohuku-cho Nagaoka-shi 940-0056 |
〒606-0805
京都市左京区下鴨森本町 15 (財)生産開発科学研究所内
日本高圧力学会事務局
Tel (075)721-0376 Fax (075)723-9629
koatsu@mbox.kyoto-inet.or.jp